Sustainability dan Dharma: Membaca Ulang Agganna Sutta sebagai Kritik Epistemologis terhadap Konsumerisme Global

Abstract

This study reviews the relevance of the Agganna Sutta in providing a critique of global consumerism while offering an alternative perspective to the sustainability discourse. The aim of the research is to interpret the Agganna Sutta as an epistemological basis for critiquing the consumptive practices that dominate the global economy and to explore its contribution to environmental ethical discourse. The research uses the systematic literature review (SLR) method with thematic analysis of academic publications related to Buddhism, ethics, sustainability, and canonical texts. Data was collected through an international publication base and analyzed to map research trends, methods, and contexts used.

The results of the study show that there are three main findings. First, the trend of publications on Buddhism and sustainability has increased in the last two decades, but specific studies of the Agganna Sutta text are still very limited. Second, much of the previous research has emphasized the spiritual and historical dimensions, while the text's potential as a critique of consumerism and economic injustice has received less attention. Third, thematic analysis shows that the Agganna Sutta emphasizes the direct linkage between greed, moral degradation, and ecological damage—a narrative relevant to contemporary environmental crises. The research discussion confirms that a rereading of the Agganna Sutta can broaden the horizons of sustainability discourse by adding a non-Western ethical perspective that has been marginalized.

In conclusion, this research contributes in two aspects: first, as a knowledge profile that maps trends in Buddhism and sustainability research; second, as a thematic analysis that affirms the relevance of the Agganna Sutta in criticizing global consumerism. The implications of this study invite the development of interdisciplinary research that connects religious texts, environmental ethics, and public policy. Future research directions are suggested to explore the integration of Buddhist teachings in the global sustainability education and practice framework.